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在美术史研究当中,存在着一种价值观与历史观的分野,其背后是两种完全相异的态度。从价值观的态度来说,研究美术史最重要的目的是为那些过去与现在的艺术家排座次,定品位,分优劣。这种态度本身是有着漫长的传统的。在中国,南北朝的谢赫撰写《古画品录》,定出绘画六法,其目的就是为了给画家品评高下提供标准。此后大多数画史撰写着基本上沿着这条思路去写,并不断地丰富甚至改变谢赫的六法。画分四品、六品、九品不等,从气韵生动到神逸妙能到独标逸品,直到晚明董其昌创“南北宗论”,崇南贬北,崇文人画贬院体画,影响清代三百余年,余绪至民国年间和现在仍然不绝于缕。在西方,从文艺复兴的瓦萨里撰写《大艺术家传》开始,关于大师的杰作及其惊人的“天才”就是一个有着特殊影响力的话题。当然这个话题还可以追溯到古罗马甚至古希腊的艺术传统中去。在克里斯与库尔茨合写的《艺术家的传奇》一书中,作者论述关于艺术家的“天才传奇”时这样写到:“艺术家之谜”环绕于艺术家的神秘光环和他所发出的不可思议的魔力,可以从两个方面加以分析。一是心理学的方法——研究能创造出为我们所赞赏的艺术作品的艺术家的本性。
In the study of art history, there is a distinction between values and historical values, behind which are two entirely different attitudes. From the viewpoint of values, the most important purpose of studying the history of art history is to rank the artists who are past and present, and set the grade and grade. This attitude itself has a long tradition. In China, the Sheikhs of the Northern and Southern Dynasties wrote “Ancient Pictorial Catalogs,” setting six paintings for the purpose of providing the artist with the highest standards of quality. Since then, most of the paintings have written six laws that basically follow this line of thought and constantly enrich or even change Sheikh. Painting four points, six products, nine products ranging from the vivid charm to God Yi Miaoli to independence Biao Yi, until late Ming Dong Qichang create “North and South Sect”, Chongnan North devaluation, Chongwen people devaluation body painting, Affect the Qing Dynasty three hundred years, Yu Xu to the Republic of China years and now still endless. In the West, starting with Vasari’s Renaissance Vasari biography, masterpieces and their amazing “genius” are a topic of special influence. Of course, this topic can also be traced back to ancient Rome and even the ancient Greek art tradition. In the book, The Legend of the Artist, co-written by Chris and Kurtz, the author discusses the genius of the artist: “The mystery of the artist” surrounds the mysterious aura of the artist and the incredible Magic, can be analyzed from two aspects. One is the psychology approach - to study the nature of the artist who can create the artwork that we admire.