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琉璃,亦作瑠璃,中国五大名器(金银、玉翠、琉璃、陶瓷、青铜)之一,佛家七宝之一。琉璃是用各种颜色的人造水晶为原料,在1000多度高温下烧制而成。中国古代最初制作琉璃的材料,是从青铜器铸造产生的副产品中获得的,经过提炼加工制成颜色多样的琉璃,所以古人也叫它“五色石”。古时民间很难得到琉璃,当时人们把琉璃看得比玉器还要珍贵。到明代,很多技艺失传。虽然明代制作的琉璃已经不那么通透,但也被称为“药玉”。《明制》载,皇帝颁赐给状元的佩饰就是药玉。经过千年传承,到2008年6月,琉璃烧制技艺入选第二批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。
Glass, also made of glass, China’s five famous (gold and silver, jade, glass, ceramics, bronze) one of the seven treasures of the Buddha. Glass is a variety of colors of artificial crystal as raw material, fired at over 1000 degrees high temperature. The original material of glaze made in ancient China was obtained from the by-products produced by bronze casting, and was refined and processed into various colored glaze, so the ancients called it “colored stone.” Ancient folk hard to get glass, when people look glass than jade even more precious. To the Ming Dynasty, a lot of skills lost. Although the glass made in the Ming Dynasty is less transparent, it is also known as “jade jade.” “Ming system” contains, the emperor awarded the champion adornment is jade medicine. After thousands of years of heritage, to June 2008, glass burning technology selected second batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.