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相变储能技术因其相变潜热大、蓄热和放能过程温度和热流基本恒定等优点成为能源科学技术中的重要分支.本文首先探讨了传统有机与无机相变储能材料存在的过冷、相分离、储能密度低、腐蚀性强等不足的原因,进而对离子液体相变储能材料的研究现状进行了分析.讨论了离子液体相变材料在太阳能储热、建筑节能、工业废热回收以及军事热红外伪装等领域的应用研究进展.指出了设计新型高效的功能化离子液体对于提高相变材料储能密度的重要作用,揭示了离子液体相变潜热与分子间作用力的关系本质,在此基础上提出了从离子液体的分子体积、氢键能、取代基诱导效应、H-π作用以及阴离子电负性等方面的改性入手,进行离子液体相变储热功能强化的科学设计的基本策略,以期为相变材料的科学设计与制备提供新的思路.
Phase change energy storage technology has become an important branch of energy science and technology due to its large latent heat of phase change, temperature and heat flux of heat storage and energy release process are basically constant, etc. This paper first discusses the existence of traditional organic and inorganic phase change energy storage materials Cold, phase separation, low energy storage density, strong corrosiveness and so on, and then the research status of ionic liquids phase change energy storage materials are discussed.It is discussed that the ionic liquid phase change materials are widely used in solar thermal storage, building energy saving, industrial Waste heat recovery and military thermal infrared camouflage applications.It is pointed out that the important role of designing a novel and efficient functionalized ionic liquid to improve the energy storage density of the phase change material is pointed out and the relationship between the latent heat of phase transition and the intermolecular force On the basis of this, it is proposed that the ionic liquids should be modified from the aspects of molecular volume, hydrogen bond energy, substituent induction, H-π interaction and anion electronegativity. The basic strategy of scientific design, in order to provide new ideas for the scientific design and preparation of phase change materials.