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目的分析常熟市1994—2015年急性弛缓性麻痹(acute flaccid paralysis,AFP)病例监测情况。方法对62例AFP病例个案调查表进行描述性分析。结果年均报告发病率为1.67/10万,每年均有报告,无季节性,男女性别比为1.07∶1,2岁以下病例共29例,占46.77%。脊髓灰质炎(脊灰)疫苗基础免疫全程接种率为85.48%,麻痹部位以双下肢麻痹居多,其次为单侧肢体麻痹,随访残留麻痹9例。检出肠道病毒11例,其中非脊灰肠道病毒(non-polio enterovirus,NPEV)6例,脊灰病毒(poliovirus,PV)疫苗株5例,检出PVⅡ型疫苗株4例、Ⅲ型疫苗株2例,其中有1例同时检出Ⅱ型和Ⅲ型。结论小年龄组儿童是AFP监测重点人群,重点加强小年龄组流动儿童的脊灰疫苗查漏补种,建议使用脊灰灭活疫苗/脊灰减毒活疫苗(IPV/OPV)序贯方案。
Objective To analyze the surveillance of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) in Changshu from 1994 to 2015. Methods Descriptive analysis of 62 AFP cases was conducted. Results The annual average reported incidence was 1.67 / 100 000, with annual reports, no seasonal, sex ratio of men and women 1.07: 1, a total of 29 cases under the age of 2, accounting for 46.77%. The whole immunization coverage rate of poliomyelitis (poliomyelitis) vaccine was 85.48%. Most of the paralysis sites were mostly paralyzed by both lower extremities, followed by paralysis of unilateral limbs and followed-up residual paralysis in 9 cases. Eleven cases of enterovirus were detected, including 6 cases of non-polio enterovirus (NPEV) and 5 cases of poliovirus (PV) vaccine, 4 cases of PV Ⅱ vaccine, Two vaccine strains were found, of which 1 case detected type Ⅱ and Ⅲ at the same time. Conclusions Children in the younger age group are the key AFP monitoring population, with a focus on enhancing the detection of polio vaccines in migrant children in the younger age group. It is recommended that the poliovirus / poliovirus live attenuated vaccine (IPV / OPV) sequential regimen be used.