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以生产上常用的6种铜制剂为供试药剂,以80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂和29%石硫合剂水剂为对照,采用改良的孢子萌发法,测定了不同铜制剂对苹果树腐烂病菌分生孢子萌发抑制作用的持效期,并进一步测定了光照和降雨对药剂持效期的影响以及各药剂在果树叶片上的展着性,为铜制剂的田间正确应用及防治苹果树腐烂病提供参考。结果表明:6种供试铜制剂中,倍量式波尔多液(Cu∶CaO∶H_2O=1∶2∶200)对苹果树腐烂病菌分生孢子萌发的抑制率最高,持效期长达20d以上,且药后20d抑菌率仍达87.97%,光照和降雨对其抑菌作用无显著性影响,药剂在叶正面和叶背面展着性适中。77%硫酸铜钙可湿性粉剂和12%松脂酸铜乳油也具有较长的持效期,但降雨和光照对其防效有不同程度的影响。2种对照药剂中的29%石硫合剂水剂的持效期、抗光解和抗雨水冲刷能力都略次于倍量式波尔多液。而80%代森锰锌可湿性粉剂则持效期短,光照和降雨对其抑菌作用影响显著。推荐使用倍量式波尔多液进行田间防控苹果树腐烂病。
Six kinds of copper preparations commonly used in the production as test agents, 80% mancozeb WP and 29% stone sulfur mixture agent as control, using improved spore germination method, the determination of different copper preparations on the apple tree The inhibitory effect of conidial germination of rot bacteria was determined, and the effect of light and rainfall on the persistence of pesticides and the spread of each agent on the leaves of fruit trees were further determined, and the correct application of copper preparations in field and the control of apple tree Rot disease provides a reference. The results showed that the amount of Bordeaux mixture (Cu: CaO: H2O = 1: 2: 200) of six kinds of tested copper preparations had the highest inhibition rate on conidial germination of the apple tree rot, the persistence period was more than 20 days , And the bacteriostasis rate still reached 87.97% after 20 days. There was no significant effect of light and rainfall on its bacteriostasis. The agent showed moderate prophylaxis on the front and back of leaves. 77% copper calcium sulfate wettable powder and 12% copper rosinate rosin also have a longer persistence period, but rainfall and light have different degrees of their control effects. The shelf life of 29% lime sulfur agent in the 2 reference chemicals was slightly inferior to that of the multi-dose Bordeaux solution in photodissociation and rain-resistance. 80% Mancozeb wettable powder is short persistence, light and rainfall have a significant impact on the antimicrobial effect. It is recommended to use the multiple volume Bordeaux mixture to prevent and control apple tree rot in the field.