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目的了解环境镉污染状况和人群镉暴露水平。方法采集当地自产粮食和蔬菜样品进行镉含量检测,同时开展人群膳食调查。结果采集污染区样品833份,对照区样品124份,共完成546人的三日膳食调查。污染区农作物镉含量整体高于对照区。玉米、青菜、土豆和红芸豆是当地居民主要消费食物,青菜是膳食摄入镉的主要来源,污染区高年龄组居民日均摄镉量和累积镉摄入量均已超过WHO建议的允许最大限值,对照区居民未超过限值要求。结论污染区居民镉暴露的主要介质是当地产蔬菜,男性55岁以上(女性65岁以上)人群累积镉暴露已达到WHO建议的健康危害阈值2000mg水平。
Objective To understand the status of cadmium pollution in the environment and population cadmium exposure. Methods The samples of local self-produced food and vegetables were collected for the detection of cadmium content, and at the same time, the population dietary survey was carried out. Results A total of 833 samples from contaminated areas and 124 samples from the control area were collected for a total of 546 people on a three-day dietary survey. The content of cadmium in the contaminated area is higher than the control area as a whole. Corn, vegetables, potatoes and red kidney beans are the main food consumed by local residents. Vegetables are the main source of dietary cadmium intake. The average daily intake of cadmium and accumulated cadmium intake of residents in high age groups in contaminated areas have exceeded the maximum allowable by WHO Limits, the control area residents did not exceed the limit requirements. Conclusion The main medium of exposure to cadmium in residents in contaminated areas is locally-produced vegetables. The cumulative cadmium exposure of men above 55 years of age (women over 65 years of age) has reached the level of 2000mg recommended by the WHO for the health hazard threshold.