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内燃机进气管道尺寸的合理选取和设计布置,可以改善发动机的充气和清扫性能,提高动力和经济指标,使热负荷下降;对要求高涡流比的燃烧室还可使涡流强化。有效地利用进气过程气柱的惯性冲压和反射波的波动冲压,一般可使功率增长10～15％,个别可达20％以上。 本文在试验的基础上,对进气过程不稳定气体流动和气柱的波动特性进行了分析。基于气柱速度变量引起的惯性效应和气柱波动的压力反射作用形成冲压过程,两者使吸气终了获得增压效益。对管容比V_ρ/V_h和波动势nL在几种转定情况下的波动参数做了探讨。最后,推导了发动机结构和工作参数同进气管道几何尺寸之间的关系,求出等长度冲压管的最佳长度和管径。为发动机冲压进气管的设计和进气管道的改进提供依据。
Reasonable selection and design layout of the intake pipe size of the internal combustion engine can improve the aeration and cleaning performance of the engine, improve the dynamic and economic indexes, and reduce the heat load; and also can intensify the eddy current to the combustion chamber which requires high swirl ratio. Effective use of air column during the inertia stamping and reflected wave fluctuations of the stamping, the general power can increase 10 ~ 15%, up to 20% individually. Based on the experiments, this paper analyzes the unstable gas flow in the intake process and the fluctuation characteristics of the gas column. The stamping process is based on the inertia effect caused by the variable velocity of the gas column and the pressure reflex action of the gas column fluctuation, both of which result in a supercharging benefit at the end of the suction. The fluctuation parameters of tube volume ratio V_ρ / V_h and wave potential nL in several transfer cases are discussed. Finally, the relationship between the engine structure and working parameters and the geometry of the intake pipe is deduced, and the optimal length and diameter of the pipe with the same length are obtained. It provides the basis for the design of the engine intake pipe and the improvement of intake pipe.