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延安黄土丘陵沟壑区经国务院批准,继续扩大退耕还林草面积,以推动生态环境建设和农业结构调整。然而,大面积退耕后如何还林草,能否还林草?这是一个极其复杂的问题。涉及到黄土丘陵区复杂多变的地形,干旱少雨多风的气候,农民的利益等诸多限制因子,要解决好这些问题,关键是提高退耕还林草中的科技含量。两年来,中科院、水利部水保所在延安市宝塔区、安塞县7乡镇707平方公里的范围内与省、市、县(区)、乡政府及试区农民相结合,建立了黄土高原水土保持与生态环境建设的试验示范研究基地,科学地实施退耕还林草,封山绿化,加强植被建造,调整土地结构,培育后续产业,研究解决中尺度区域退耕还林草的科学途径,支撑条件,探索出了成功的路子,取得了显著成效。——编者
Yan’an Loess Plateau Hilly and Gully Area, approved by the State Council, continues to expand the area of returning farmland to forestry and grassland in order to promote ecological environment construction and agricultural restructuring. However, after reforesting a large area, how can forests and grass be reforested? This is an extremely complicated issue. It involves many complicated factors, such as the complicated and changeable topography in the loess hilly region, the climate of dry and windy rainy season, the interests of peasants, and so on. To solve these problems, the key is to improve the scientific and technological content of returning farmland to forest and grassland. In the past two years, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Ministry of Water Resources, in conjunction with the provincial, municipal and county (district) and township governments and peasant farmers in 707 square kilometers in the 7 townships of Baota District and Ansai County, Yan’an City, established the soil and water conservation program of the Loess Plateau Maintain and the ecological environment of the pilot demonstration and research base, the scientific implementation of returning farmland to forest and grass, closing hillsides and greening, strengthening the construction of vegetation, adjusting the structure of the land, cultivate follow-up industry, to study and solve the scientific method of returning farmland to forest scale grassland, support conditions , Explored the path to success and achieved remarkable results. --editor