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目的了解洪水灾害后人群的心理应激反应状态。方法调查2010年江西抚州水灾时被异地安置的灾民645例的灾后压力感情况及挫折感原因,并采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)评定焦虑状况。结果被调查者中,灾后感觉快要崩溃的占17.7%,感觉压力大的占51.2%。希望得到安慰和开导的占62.2%。认为灾后挫折感的原因最主要在于经济困难,占67.6%;其次为不适应安置的生活,占23.7%。存在焦虑的灾民占31.0%,年龄与SAS评分呈正相关。结论洪灾后灾民普遍存在压力感,经济困难是最主要的因素,年龄较大者更易焦虑。
Objective To understand the state of psychological stress response after flood disaster. Methods To investigate the causes of post-disaster stress and the causes of frustration in 645 victims who were relocated off-site during the flood in Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province in 2010, and the anxiety status was assessed by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS). Results Among the respondents, 17.7% were feeling collapsed after the disaster and 51.2% felt pressured. 62.2% wanted to be comforted and enlightened. The main reason for the post-disaster frustration is that it is economically difficult, accounting for 67.6%, followed by those not living in resettlement, accounting for 23.7%. There were 31.0% of the victims with anxiety, and the age was positively correlated with the SAS score. Conclusion The flood victims are generally under pressure, economic difficulties are the most important factor, older people are more prone to anxiety.