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用碳酸二甲酯(DMC)与正丙醇(n-PrOH)酯交换反应合成了碳酸二丙酯(DPC),考察了催化剂种类、物料摩尔比、催化剂用量、温度和时间等因素对反应的影响。结果表明,碳酸钾(K2CO3)具有较好的催化活性和选择性,反应最佳工艺条件为:常压,反应温度95℃,n(n-PrOH)∶n(DMC)=3∶1,w(K2CO3)=1%,反应时间5 h,DMC转化率95.9%,DPC产率73.7%。优化条件下的重复实验表明,该反应易于控制,重复性好。测定了常压下DPC和DMC的气液相平衡数据,结果表明,在常压下DPC和DMC二元物系不形成共沸物。
Dipropyl carbonate (DPC) was synthesized by transesterification of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) with n-propanol (n-PrOH). The effects of catalyst type, molar ratio of the materials, catalyst dosage, temperature and time on the reaction of influences. The results showed that potassium carbonate (K2CO3) had good catalytic activity and selectivity. The optimal reaction conditions were as follows: atmospheric pressure, reaction temperature 95 ℃, n (n-PrOH) (K2CO3) = 1%, reaction time 5 h, DMC conversion 95.9%, DPC yield 73.7%. Repeated experiments under optimized conditions showed that the reaction was easy to control and reproducible. The gas-liquid equilibrium data of DPC and DMC at atmospheric pressure were measured. The results showed that the azeotrope was not formed in DPC and DMC binary systems at atmospheric pressure.