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病症“大企业病”一词,是日本立石电机株式会社立石一真会长首次提出的。1981年秋,他察觉到自己的企业对许多行为反应迟钝,给人的感觉是,“公司的管理机能似乎相当衰弱”。对此,立石一真认为:企业如同人,年岁大了,身体胖了,锻炼少了,活力差了,就得病了。他把诸如此类的现象概括为“大企业病”。归纳起来,“大企业病”的症状往往表现为:躯体肥胖首先是机构臃肿,部门林立,层次多,冗员多;二是效率低下,企业内部壁垒森严,信息传递较慢,或失真失效;三是部门间协同松散,职责不明,扯皮增多;四是员工士气低落,对企业失去信心。心动不力也就是企业失去决策能力,或实施重要决策的能力。缺乏中长期计划和务实的战略思考。决策像救火一样.慌忙决定,感情用事。出了问题,就推卸责任,不愿承担风险和损失。
Illness “the word” big business disease “, is Japan's Tateishi Electric Co., Ltd. Tateishi really president for the first time. In the autumn of 1981, he noticed that his business was unresponsive to many behaviors, giving the impression that ”the management function of the company seems rather weak.“ In this regard, a stone really think: business as people, old age, body fat, exercise less, poor vitality, you have to get sick. He summarizes such phenomena as ”big business illnesses.“ To sum up, the symptoms of ”big enterprise disease" tend to be manifested as follows: the body fat is bloated in the first place, the departments are numerous, and the levels are large and redundant; secondly, the efficiency is low, the internal barriers are strong, the information is transmitted slowly, or the distortion fails; Thirdly, there is loose coordination among departments, unclear responsibilities and wrangling. Fourth, staff morale is low and confidence in enterprises is lost. Insaneness is also the ability of businesses to lose their ability to make decisions or to make important decisions. Lack of long-term planning and pragmatic strategic thinking. Decision-making, like firefighting, hurriedly decided, emotional things. When something went wrong, we shirk our responsibility and did not want to take risks and losses.