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淋巴转移是食管癌转移扩散的主要渠道之一,是影响食管癌患者预后最关键的因素之一。局部化疗相较于全身给药,对正常组织的毒性作用、系统性的副作用影响更小。纳米炭是目前术中淋巴化疗最常用安全有效的载体。在许多肿瘤淋巴化疗中,纳米炭起到很好的示踪和靶向作用。淋巴化疗应用于肿瘤的治疗之中,可诱导肿瘤变性坏死、促进肿瘤凋亡。在食管癌治疗中,活性炭靶向淋巴化疗可提高淋巴清扫数目及转移检出率,减小肿瘤体积,提高患者的生存质量和生存率。淋巴化疗可以作为一种辅助治疗,杀伤在淋巴结中的肿瘤细胞及微转移癌灶。本文就食管癌转移特点、纳米炭载体淋巴化疗的意义、机制以及临床应用予以讨论。
Lymphatic metastasis is one of the main channels for esophageal cancer metastasis and spread, and is one of the most crucial factors that affect the prognosis of esophageal cancer patients. Local chemotherapy compared to systemic administration, the toxicity of normal tissue, systemic side effects have less impact. Nanocarbon is currently the most commonly used lymphatic chemotherapy safe and effective carrier. In many tumor lymphatic chemotherapy, nanocarbon plays a good role in tracing and targeting. Lymphoid chemotherapy used in the treatment of cancer can induce tumor degeneration and necrosis and promote tumor apoptosis. In the treatment of esophageal cancer, activated carbon targeting lymphatic chemotherapy can increase the number of lymph nodes and metastasis detection rate, reduce tumor size, improve patient quality of life and survival. Lymphatic chemotherapy can be used as an adjuvant therapy to kill tumor cells and micrometastasis in the lymph nodes. This article discusses the metastatic characteristics of esophageal cancer, the significance, mechanism and clinical application of nano-carbon carrier lymphatic chemotherapy.