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目的分析深圳市龙岗区手足口病流行病学和病原学特征,预测流行趋势,为制定预防控制措施提供科学依据。方法对龙岗区2008～2010年手足口病报告病例、重症病例和病原学监测资料进行统计分析。结果龙岗区3年共报手足口病病例16883例,年平均发病率137.65/10万;重症病例47例,占病例总数的0.28%;死亡14例,占重症病例的31.95%,病死率0.09%。各年的发病率分别为45.75/10万、95.90/10万和307.48/10万,上升趋势有统计学意义(χ2=256.441,P﹤0.001)。各年重症数分别为2例、14例和31例,死亡数分别为1例、5例和8例。普通病例和重症病例均为男性多于女性,以0～3岁散居儿童居多,4～7月为集中发病月份。EV71是主要病原体。结论 2008～2010年,手足口病流行强度逐年增强,普通病例、重症病例、死亡病例数呈上升趋势,发病月份扩大至全年,应重点加强散居儿童手足口病的防控力度和重症病例的救治力度。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Longgang District, Shenzhen, predict the epidemic trend and provide a scientific basis for the formulation of prevention and control measures. Methods The data of HFMD reported cases, severe cases and etiological monitoring data from 2008 to 2010 in Longgang district were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 16 883 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease were reported in Longgang district in 3 years with an average annual incidence of 137.65 / 100 000; 47 cases were severe, accounting for 0.28% of the total; 14 died, accounting for 31.95% of the severe cases and the case fatality rate was 0.09% . The incidence rates in each year were 45.75 / 100000, 95.90 / 100000 and 307.48 / 100000 respectively. The upward trend was statistically significant (χ2 = 256.441, P <0.001). The number of severe cases in each year were 2 cases, 14 cases and 31 cases, the number of deaths were 1 case, 5 cases and 8 cases. Ordinary cases and severe cases are more men than women, mostly children aged 0-3 years scattered, April to July is the focus of the onset of the month. EV71 is the major pathogen. Conclusion From 2008 to 2010, the epidemic intensity of hand-foot-and-mouth disease increased year by year. The number of common cases, severe cases and death cases showed an upward trend. The month of onset was extended to the whole year. The prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease in diaspora and the severe cases Rescue efforts.