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听觉系统和视觉系统的不同之处在于:听觉系统在外周感受器和听皮层间具有更长的皮层下通路和更多的突触联系。该特殊结构反应了听觉系统从复杂听觉环境中提取与行为相关信号的机制与其他感觉系统不同。听皮层神经信号处理包括两种重要的转换机制,声音信号的非同构转换以及从声音感受到知觉层面的转换。听觉皮层神经编码机制同时也受到听觉反馈和语言或发声过程中发声信号的调控。听觉神经科学家和生物医学工程师所面临的挑战便是如何去理解大脑中这些转换的编码机制。我将会用我实验室最近的一些发现来阐述听觉信号是如何在原听皮层中进行处理的,并讨论其对于言语和音乐在大脑中的处理机制以及设计神经替代装置诸如电子耳蜗的意义。我们使用了结合神经电生理技术和量化工程学的方法来研究这些问题。
The auditory system differs from the visual system in that the auditory system has longer subcortical access and more synaptic connections between peripheral receptors and auditory cortex. This particular structure reflects the mechanism by which auditory systems extract behavior-related signals from complex auditory environments differently from other sensory systems. The auditory cortex neural signal processing includes two important conversion mechanisms, the non-isomorphic transformation of the sound signal and the conversion from the sound perception to the perception level. The auditory cortex neural coding mechanism is also subject to auditory feedback and vocal signals during speech or speech. The challenge for auditory neuroscientists and biomedical engineers is how to understand the coding mechanism for these conversions in the brain. I will use some of my lab’s recent findings to explain how auditory signals are handled in the raw auditory cortex and to discuss their implications for the processing of speech and music in the brain and the design of neuroimaging devices such as the cochlear implant. We used a combination of neuroelectrophysiological techniques and quantitative engineering methods to study these issues.