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目的探讨北京市房山区急性胃肠炎的流行病学特征和社会经济负担。方法开展为期12个月的社区人群横断面调查,分析急性胃肠炎的发病情况、影响因素分布、临床表现、诊治情况以及经济负担。结果 2014年4月—2015年3月共调查1 678人,急性胃肠炎月患病率为0.65%(95%CI:0.27%~1.03%),年发病率为0.085次/人(95%CI:0.017~0.098次/人),每年房山区约有8.7万人次发生急性胃肠炎,食源性比例为54.5%(6/11)。发病时间主要集中在第二季度,低年龄段、文化程度较低、家庭收入较低、居住在农村的人群,急性胃肠炎患病风险较高。72.7%(8/11)的病例进行了药物治疗,54.5%(6/11)的病例去医疗机构就诊,药物治疗的病例中87.5%(7/8)使用抗生素,急性胃肠炎造成总经济损失约为0.32亿元,占2014年房山区地区生产总值(519.3亿元)的0.62‰。结论房山区急性胃肠炎的疾病负担值得关注,且食源性比例较高,儿童患病风险较高,抗生素使用率较高,应加强食源性疾病监测和负担评估,探索有针对性的干预措施,为减轻食源性疾病的社会经济负担,提高防控能力提供科学依据。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and socioeconomic burden of acute gastroenteritis in Fangshan District, Beijing. Methods A 12-month cross-sectional survey of community population was conducted to analyze the incidence of acute gastroenteritis, the distribution of influencing factors, clinical manifestations, diagnosis and treatment, and economic burden. Results A total of 1 678 people were surveyed from April 2014 to March 2015. The monthly prevalence of acute gastroenteritis was 0.65% (95% CI: 0.27% -1.03%) and the annual incidence was 0.085 / person (95% CI: 0.017 ~ 0.098 times / person). In each year, about 87,000 people in Fangshan district had acute gastroenteritis and the food-source ratio was 54.5% (6/11). The onset time mainly concentrated in the second quarter, low age group, lower educational level, lower household income, living in rural areas, the higher the risk of acute gastroenteritis. 72.7% (8/11) of the patients were treated with drugs. 54.5% (6/11) of the patients went to the medical institutions for treatment. 87.5% (7/8) of the patients treated with antibiotics and the acute gastroenteritis caused the total economy The loss was about 32 million yuan, accounting for 0.62 ‰ of the total GDP of Fangshan District in 2014 (51.93 billion yuan). Conclusion The burden of disease of acute gastroenteritis in Fangshan District deserves our attention, and the higher the food-source ratio, the higher the risk of children and the higher usage rate of antibiotics, the monitoring of food-borne diseases and the burden assessment should be strengthened to explore the targeted Interventions, to reduce the socio-economic burden of foodborne diseases, improve prevention and control ability to provide a scientific basis.