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目的应用CD4+/CD8+T细胞(CD4/CD8)比值对母婴传播婴幼儿人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染进行早期诊断,为临床应用提供依据。方法对2011-2013年HIV阳性孕妇的115例3~11个月龄婴幼儿收集抗凝全血进行CD4+T细胞和HIV-1DNA检测。结果 115例婴幼儿中,检出HIV-1DNA 5例,检出率4.34%,且CD4+/CD8+T细胞比值均<1.0。115例中CD4+%均>25%。在110例HIV-1DNA阴性中有2例CD4+T细胞绝对数<1 500细胞/μl。5例HIV-1DNA阳性中1例CD4+T细胞绝对数<1 500细胞/μl,4例CD4+T细胞绝对数>1 500细胞/μl。结论婴幼儿的CD4/CD8比值<1.0是诊断发生母婴传播的有效早期诊断方法。
Objective To early diagnosis of HIV-1 infection in infants and young children by CD4 / CD8 + T cell (CD4 / CD8) ratio, and to provide basis for its clinical application. Methods A total of 115 cases of HIV-positive pregnant women aged 3 to 11 months from 2011 to 2013 were collected for detection of CD4 + T cells and HIV-1 DNA. Results Among 115 infants and toddlers, 5 cases were detected HIV-1 DNA, the detection rate was 4.34%, and the ratio of CD4 + / CD8 + T cells was <1.0. Two out of 110 HIV-1 DNA negatives had absolute CD4 + T cell counts <1,500 cells / μl. The absolute number of CD4 + T cells was 1 1500 cells / μl in 5 cases of HIV-1 DNA positive, and the absolute number of CD4 + T cells was> 1500 cells / μl in 4 cases. Conclusion The CD4 / CD8 ratio of infants and young children <1.0 is an effective early diagnosis of maternal-to-infant transmission.