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21世纪人类将进入全面信息社会,计算机网络在信息化的社会中将得到越来越广泛的应用,同时在计算机领域中也将占据越来越重要的地位。一、网络的基本知识网络是指将不同地理位置、具有独立功能的多台计算机、终端及附属设备用通信链路连接起来,以实现硬件、软件和数据等计算机信息资源的共享。计算机网络又分为局域网和广域网两部分。局域网是计算机网络中较为基础的网络,它只限于某种规模的地理环境,多为单一的组织所拥有和使用;而广域网则是由多个局域网组成,它可以跨城市、跨地区甚至跨洋过海延伸到全世界。网络的硬件是由服务器、电话、调制解调器、多个电子计算机网络线路组成。服务器是由文件系统、打印系统、选择系统三部分组成,任何一部PC386以上的计算机都可以做服务器。调制解调器则是一种把信息输入的数字信号转换为设备之间的模拟信号后再变成接收端的数字信号设备。网络一般采用三种通信线路:同轴电缆、双绞线和光缆。其中光缆传输速率最快,性能最好,但价格也最高;常用的是双绞线,因其价格较便宜。
In the 21st century, mankind will enter a comprehensive information society. Computer networks will be more and more widely used in the information-oriented society. At the same time, computer networks will occupy more and more important positions. First, the basic network knowledge Network refers to different geographical locations, with independent functions of multiple computers, terminals and ancillary equipment connected with the communication link in order to achieve hardware, software and data sharing of computer information resources. Computer network is divided into two parts LAN and WAN. LAN is a relatively basic network in the computer network, it is limited to a certain size of the geographical environment, mostly owned and used by a single organization; and WAN is composed of multiple local area networks, which can cross cities, trans-regional or even trans-oceanic Across the sea extends to the whole world. The hardware of the network consists of servers, phones, modems, multiple electronic computer network lines. The server is composed of the file system, the printing system, the selection system, and any computer above PC386 can be a server. Modem is a kind of information input digital signal into an analog signal between devices and then into the receiving end of the digital signal equipment. The network generally uses three kinds of communication lines: coaxial cable, twisted pair and optical cable. One of the fastest fiber optic cable transfer rate, the best performance, but the highest price; commonly used is twisted pair, because of its cheaper prices.