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心脏活动高度依赖线粒体腺嘌呤核苷三磷酸（ATP）能量供应。以线粒体为靶点的心血管疾病治疗通过修复受损线粒体DNA、降低线粒体活性氧（ROS）生产、加速损伤线粒体的降解及再循环利用等途径开发新药。近年来，线粒体替代疗法另辟蹊径，已发展到临床试用阶段。本文对以线粒体为靶点的心血管疾病治疗药物和线粒体替代疗法两方面的研究进展进行综述，旨在为我国地方病心血管健康问题防治提供新视角。“,”Heart activity is highly dependent on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) produced via mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Traditional therapeutics has developed drugs by repairing damaged mitochondrial DNA, reducing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and accelerating the degradation of damaged mitochondria and recycle. In recent years, however, mitochondrial replacement therapy has taken a different strategy, and has entered the clinical trial stage. This review will summarize the research progress of cardiovascular drugs targeting mitochondria and mitochondrial replacement therapy to provide a new perspective for addressing some relevant endemic diseases in China.