布比卡因用于牙髓治疗的临床研究

• 作 者: 赵兴州 张世国
• 出 处: 国外医学.口腔医学分册
• 发表日期: 2004年期
• 关键词: 布比卡因 牙髓治疗 多卡因 麻醉持续时间 长效局麻药 利多卡因麻醉 酰胺类 安全剂量 持续时间 抱卡

布比卡因(Bupivacaine)是一种酰胺类长效局麻药,目前在美国已经广泛应用于临床。它的化学结构与卡抱卡因(Carbocaine)相似,但麻效约为利多卡因的4倍;并且作用迅速、麻醉持续时间长。布比卡因经肝脏解毒,其毒性和利多卡因相似。在成年人,布比卡因(加肾上腺素)的最大安全剂量为175mg;Food等认为,用于牙科的最大安全剂量为90mg。作者在牙髓治疗中应用布比卡因或利多卡因麻醉,其目的是比较它们的麻醉效果、起效时间及持续时间。

Bupivacaine, an amide long-acting local anesthetic, is now widely used clinically in the United States. Its chemical structure is similar to that of Carbocaine, but it is about 4 times more potent than lidocaine; it works quickly and has a long duration of anesthesia. Bupivacaine is detoxified by the liver and is similar in toxicity and lidocaine. In adults, the maximum safe dose of bupivacaine (adrenergic) is 175 mg; Food et al. Conclude that the maximum safe dose for dentistry is 90 mg. The authors used bupivacaine or lidocaine anesthesia in endodontic treatment to compare their anesthetic effects, onset time and duration.