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研究老年人Sarcopenia的发病特征以及不同运动干预方案对其影响,以期对老年人的体育锻炼方案提供科学依据。以Pubmed和万方为文献主要来源,搜索1989年至2014年间公开发表的Sarcopenia的相关文献,文献的筛选标准是同行评议期刊。结果:(1)骨骼肌质量在20-29岁达到峰值,随后就进入自然减少的进程,这种减少在50岁以后速度加快,到了70岁,约有40%的肌肉消失。(2)骨骼肌质量下降的同时往往伴有脂肪囤积,Ⅱ型肌纤维比例减少更明显,肌肉爆发力下降比一般力量下降明显。(3)针对老年人的运动干预,大强度抗阻运动可迅速提高老年人爆发力和肌肉质量的提高。
To study the incidence of Sarcopenia in the elderly and its impact on different sports intervention programs in order to provide a scientific basis for the elderly physical exercise programs. Based on Pubmed and Wanfang as the main source of the literature, the published literature on Sarcopenia from 1989 to 2014 was searched and the screening criteria for the literature were peer-reviewed journals. RESULTS: (1) Skeletal muscle mass peaked at 20-29 years of age and subsequently entered a process of spontaneous reduction, which was accelerated after age 50 and disappeared by about 70% at 70 years of age. (2) Decreased skeletal muscle mass often accompanied by accumulation of fat, the proportion of type Ⅱ muscle fibers decreased more obviously, and the decrease of muscle explosive power decreased obviously compared with the general strength. (3) for the elderly intervention in sports, high-intensity resistance exercise can rapidly improve the explosive force and improve the quality of the elderly.