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乙型肝炎疫苗诱发免疫反应比较缓慢,仅31％在首次接种疫苗后一个月内产生抗体(anti-HBs),2个月内(在第一次加强剂量后一个月)为77％,在6个月给第二次加强剂量后才提高至96％。在血液透析的男性病人,抗体出现更迟。所以要提供快速保护,用高滴度乙型肝炎免疫球蛋白(HBIG)显然优于疫苗。但是有报告称HBIG对接触肝炎者的预防作用颇为一般。另外,因为免疫球蛋白的半衰期短,对经常接触者需要反复给予HBIG。因此,对已接触者或经常接触者最好的预防方法,是联合使用被动和主动免疫。本文报道对90例进行单独注射疫苗或合用HBIG的研究结果。方法:90名血液透析中心无HBV感染的医务工作者,均无急性或慢性肝炎史,过去2个月内未注射过
Hepatitis B vaccine induced a relatively slow immune response, with only 31% producing anti-HBs within one month of the first vaccination, 77% within 2 months (one month after the first booster dose), and 6% Month to enhance the dose after the second increase to 96%. In hemodialysis patients, antibodies appear later. Therefore, to provide rapid protection, it is clearly superior to the vaccine with high titers of hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG). However, it has been reported that the preventive effect of HBIG on people exposed to hepatitis is quite general. In addition, due to the short half-life of immunoglobulins, frequent exposure to HBIG is required for frequent contacts. Therefore, the best prevention for those who have been or are often exposed is the combination of passive and active immunization. This article reports the results of 90 cases of vaccination alone or in combination with HBIG. Methods: There were no history of acute or chronic hepatitis in 90 hemodialysis patients without HBV infection. In the past 2 months, no medical workers