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目的探讨孕期贫血与新生儿体格发育及营养状况的关系。方法研究对象为1993年～1996年浙江、江苏、河北27个县市的孕产妇及其生育的新生儿,共535137例。将新生儿按性别和胎龄分层,分析母亲不同程度的贫血与新生儿体格发育及营养不良发生率的关系。采用多元逐步回归分析影响新生儿体格发育的相关因素。结果孕期不同程度的贫血均与新生儿ZLI(张路指数)有关,轻、中度贫血组的差异不显著,重度贫血组新生儿ZLI最低;孕早、中期贫血与早产儿ZLI有关,孕中、晚期贫血与过熟儿ZLI有关,妊娠各期贫血均与足月儿ZLI及营养不良有关,孕晚期贫血与早产儿及过熟儿营养不良有关;所有影响因素中母亲孕早期体重对ZLI的影响最大,其次是胎龄和母亲孕期增重程度;孕中期Hb值与ZLI呈正相关。结论孕期贫血与新生儿体格发育有关。
Objective To explore the relationship between anemia during pregnancy and the physical development and nutritional status of neonates. METHODS: The subjects studied were maternal and newborn infants from 27 counties and cities in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Hebei from 1993 to 1996, with a total of 535137 cases. Neonatal stratification by sex and gestational age, analysis of different levels of mother’s anemia and neonatal physical development and the incidence of malnutrition. Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing the physical development of neonates. Results Anemia at different stages of pregnancy was related to the neonatal ZLI index. There was no significant difference between mild and moderate anemia group, and the lowest in neonates with severe anemia group. The anemia in early pregnancy and in middle stage was related to ZLI in preterm infants, , Advanced anemia and hyperlipemia related to ZLI, anemia during pregnancy are related to full-term children with ZLI and malnutrition, anemia in late pregnancy and premature children and over-mature children malnutrition; all factors affecting the early pregnancy weight of pregnant women against ZLI Followed by gestational age and the degree of weight gain of mothers during pregnancy. The second trimester Hb was positively correlated with ZLI. Conclusion Anemia during pregnancy is related to the physical development of neonates.