论文部分内容阅读
高钙血症多并发于恶性肿瘤和其他疾病,缺乏特异症状,只要疑及本症则诊断不难,如不及时处理可导致死亡。其治疗是根据原因疾病不同而异。并发于原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进症、结节病、急性急用性骨萎缩,以及维生素D中毒、乳碱综合征、噻嗪类制剂和抗雌激素制剂所致的高钙血症,通过治疗原发疾病或停服原因药剂即可好转。患者由于持续性高钙利尿及食欲不振,致细胞外液丢失,可成为严重脱水状态、意识障碍。此时肾近曲小管对钙和钠的再吸收都亢进,使血钙越来越高而形成恶性循环。治疗首先输生理盐水,根据病情及心、肺、肾功能情况增减,通常静滴2～6 L、每4～6小时投与速尿20～40mg。并应按时进行中心静脉压测定、膀
Hypercalcemia and complicated by multiple malignant tumors and other diseases, the lack of specific symptoms, as long as the suspect and the disease is not difficult to diagnose, if not treated can lead to death. The treatment is based on the cause of the disease varies. Concomitant with primary hyperparathyroidism, sarcoidosis, acute urgency osteoarthritis, and hypercalcemia due to vitamin D poisoning, arrhythmia, thiazide agents and anti-estrogen agents, The treatment of primary disease or stop taking medicine can be improved. Patients with persistent hypercalciuria and loss of appetite, resulting in extracellular fluid loss, can become a serious state of dehydration, disturbance of consciousness. At this point renal proximal tubules of calcium and sodium reabsorption are hyperthyroidism, so that calcium is higher and higher and form a vicious circle. Treatment first lose saline, according to the condition and heart, lung, kidney function changes, usually intravenous infusion of 2 ~ 6 L, every 4 to 6 hours, administered furosemide 20 ~ 40mg. And should be measured on time central venous pressure, bladder