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为明确杂交中籼稻钵苗机插的群体特征及产量形成特点,加快杂交中籼稻机插栽培技术的发展,以大穗型品种广两优1128、Y两优900和穗粒兼顾型品种徽两优6号、徽两优996为试材,设置钵苗机插与毯苗机插2种栽插方式进行大田比较试验。结果表明,与毯苗机插相比,杂交中籼稻钵苗机插方式秧苗茎基宽、百株干重、发根力显著增加,秧苗素质提高;分蘖早生快发、群体茎蘖消长平稳,成穗率提高5.11%;中后期LAI与光能利用率高,干物质积累能力强,其中抽穗至成熟期干物质积累量提高7.17%。钵苗机插产量显著或极显著高于毯苗机插,其中大穗型品种增产9.52%~10.78%,穗粒兼顾型品种增产5.03%~5.86%,群体颖花量的增加是增产的主要原因。因此,杂交中籼稻钵苗机插群体质量优良,产量形成优势显著,穗大粒多,而大穗型品种更适宜于钵苗机插,增产优势更明显。研究结果为机插水稻高产优质栽培技术的推广奠定了基础。
In order to clarify the population characteristics and yield formation characteristics of mid-season indica rice hybrid seedlings and to accelerate the development of mid-season indica hybrid rice cultivation techniques, two large-panicle varieties, Guangliangyou 1128, Y Liangyou 900, You 6, Hui Liangyou 996 as the test material, set the seedling machine inserted and blanket machine inserted two kinds of planting methods for field trials. The results showed that compared with the blank plant, the seedlings of medium Indica sativa seedlings had a large stem base, a hundred dry weight and hairy root strength, and the quality of seedling increased. The rate of ear formation increased by 5.11%. The LAI and light energy utilization rate was high and the dry matter accumulation ability was strong in middle and late stage, and the dry matter accumulation increased by 7.17% from heading to maturity. The yield of pot seedling machine was significantly higher or significantly higher than that of blanket seedling machine. The yield of large-spike cultivar was 9.52% -10.78% and the yield of spike grain conformable cultivar was 5.03% ~ 5.86%. The increase of population spikelet was the main factor of yield increase the reason. Therefore, the indica rice hybrid seedlings inserted in the group of good quality, yield significant advantages, spike large grain, and more suitable for large-spike varieties of pot seedlings inserted machine, yield more obvious advantages. The results laid the foundation for popularization of high-yield and high-quality cultivation techniques of machine-inserted rice.