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转基因技术是指将人工分离和修饰过的基因导入到生物体基因组中,由于导入基因的表达,引起生物体性状的改变。目前转基因技术主要应用在苹果的生产特征如抗病虫能力、抗逆性、矮化、早熟以及消费特征如提高营养成分含量、改善口味、改善着色等方面。本文介绍了20年来转基因技术在苹果遗传育种改良方面取得的重要进展并提出目前苹果转基因技术遇到的难题及转基因产品安全等问题。
Transgenic technology refers to the artificially isolated and modified genes into the genome of the organism, due to the introduction of gene expression, causing changes in biological traits. At present, genetically modified technology is mainly applied in apple production characteristics such as pest resistance, resistance, dwarfing, precocity and consumption characteristics such as increasing nutrient content, improving taste and improving coloring. This article describes the important advances made in transgenic breeding of apple in the past two decades and presents the problems encountered in the current transgenic technology and the safety of transgenic products.