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严复、斯宾塞和赫胥黎三者之间的思想关系,是严复思想研究、特别是《天演论》研究中的一个关键问题.本文试图通过细致的文本对照,厘清严复“天演”概念与赫胥黎“进化”概念之间的关系。文章认为,严复用中国传统思想中的易学框架来译述西方的进化概念,这一方面将进化论带上“本土化”色彩,便于其传播;另一方面巧妙地统一了赫胥黎在“进化论”与“伦理”之间的对立,赋予中国自强以道德意涵。
Yan Fu, Spencer and Huxley are the key issues in the study of Yan Fu’s thoughts, especially in the study of “Evolution and Ethics.” This paper attempts to clarify Yan Fu’s “ The relationship between the concept and Huxley’s ”evolution“ concept. The article holds that Yan Fu translates the concept of evolution in the West by using the Yi-ology framework in Chinese traditional thought. On the one hand, he brings the theory of evolution to ”localization “ for the dissemination of it; on the other hand, he cleverly unifies Huxley in The opposition between ”evolutionism“ and ”ethics" gives China self-reliance on moral meaning.