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测风激光雷达作为一种测速工具,系统的多普勒校准是验证测量准确性的关键步骤之一。针对车载、机载测风激光雷达的校准要求,设计了便携式多普勒校准仪。其基本原理是:利用已知目标的运动速度,与激光雷达系统测得的目标运动速度比较,得到系统的速度校准曲线。研制的多普勒校准仪自身系统相对误差为1%,小于激光雷达测量误差;其多普勒散射信号频谱展宽小于0.7 MHz,可以等效为气溶胶的后向散射谱。径向速度的连续调节范围可达±50 m/s。实验结果显示:当探测光子数接近2000时,激光雷达测速的精度为0.6 m/s。
As a speed measuring tool, the system’s Doppler calibration is one of the key steps to validate the measurement accuracy. Aiming at the calibration requirements of on-board and on-board wind-lidar, a portable Doppler calibrator is designed. Its basic principle is: Using the known target velocity, and the laser radar system to measure the target velocity compared to get the system speed calibration curve. The relative error of the Doppler calibrator developed by ourselves is less than 1%, which is less than the measurement error of Lidar. The spectral spread of Doppler scattering signal is less than 0.7 MHz, which can be equivalent to the backscattering spectrum of aerosol. Radial speed continuous adjustment range up to ± 50 m / s. Experimental results show that when the number of detected photons is close to 2000, the accuracy of lidar velocity measurement is 0.6 m / s.