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本文报道了一例平阳霉素致死性反应，复习了近十年国内有关文献，分析了平阳霉素的主要三种类型致死性反应－高热、休克、肺炎的临床表现及发病因素和机理，总结出临床使用平阳霉素的注意事项：（１）过敏体质及自身免疫性疾病的病人慎用；（２）非何杰金氏病淋巴瘤病人慎用，中线部位非何病人应尽量避免使用；（３）老年人及肺功能不全者慎用；（４）尽量不对门诊病人使用；（５）抢救中及时进行抗过敏、抗休克治疗；（６）预防性用药以防止或减轻副作用发生。
This paper reports a case of pingyangmycin lethal reaction, review of the domestic literature over the past decade, analyzed the main three types of pingyangmycin fatal reactions - fever, shock, pneumonia clinical manifestations and pathogenesis and mechanism, concluded Precautions for Clinical Use of Pingyangmycin: (1) Use with caution in patients with allergies and autoimmune diseases; (2) Be cautious in patients with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma; patients in midline should be avoided; 3) caution of the elderly and pulmonary insufficiency; (4) try not to use outpatients; (5) timely rescue anti-allergy, anti-shock treatment; (6) preventive medication to prevent or reduce side effects.