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目的了解北京市美沙酮维持治疗门诊患者人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)、丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)和梅毒感染的情况,为制定预防措施提供依据。方法对北京市250例美沙酮维持治疗的患者采集静脉血,用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)进行抗HIV抗体、抗HCV抗体和梅毒抗体的检测,HIV初筛阳性者送艾滋病确证实验室进行确证。采用描述性流行病学方法,对结果进行统计学分析。结果 250例患者中,男女比例为4.95∶1,41岁~50岁占51.6%。HIV、HCV、梅毒的感染率分别为0.80%、74.40%、8.80%。≤40岁、41岁~50岁、>50岁抗HIV抗体、抗HCV抗体、梅毒抗体阳性者阳性率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。HCV和梅毒的合并感染率为6.40%。结论美沙酮维持治疗门诊患者HCV和梅毒阳性检出率较高,以青壮年居多。应该积极开展宣传教育和行为干预,以降低丙型肝炎等血源性传染病的蔓延。
Objective To understand the status of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis infection in methadone maintenance treatment outpatient in Beijing and provide basis for preventive measures. Methods Venous blood was collected from 250 methadone maintenance patients in Beijing. The anti-HIV antibody, anti-HCV antibody and syphilis antibody were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Positive HIV positive patients were sent to AIDS confirmation laboratory for confirmation . Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to statistically analyze the results. Results Among the 250 patients, the ratio of male to female was 4.95:1, and 51.6% were from 41 to 50 years old. The infection rates of HIV, HCV and syphilis were 0.80%, 74.40% and 8.80% respectively. ≤40 years old, 41 years old to 50 years old,> 50 years old anti-HIV antibody, anti-HCV antibody, syphilis antibody positive rate was no significant difference (P> 0.05). The combined infection rate of HCV and syphilis was 6.40%. Conclusion The detection rate of positive HCV and syphilis in methadone maintenance treatment outpatients is high, mostly in young adults. Publicity and education and behavioral interventions should be actively carried out to reduce the spread of blood-borne infectious diseases such as hepatitis C