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基于黄土高原产区358个苹果种植户的微观数据,运用DEA单要素效率模型,对苹果生产的化肥利用效率及其影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:黄土高原区苹果生产的化肥利用效率平均为0.43,远低于纯技术效率0.78。技术培训、家庭人口结构、灌溉、种植面积及化肥价格等对化肥利用效率有正影响,而人口结构、种植经验和特殊经历对纯技术效率有正影响。最后提出了提高黄土高原区化肥利用效率的相关政策建议。
Based on the micro-data of 358 apple growers in the Loess Plateau, the single factor efficiency model of DEA was used to study the fertilizer use efficiency of apple production and its influencing factors. The results showed that the average fertilizer use efficiency of apple production in the Loess Plateau was 0.43, much lower than the pure technical efficiency of 0.78. Technical training, family demographics, irrigation, planting area and fertilizer prices have a positive impact on the efficiency of fertilizer use, while population structure, planting experience and special experiences have a positive impact on pure technical efficiency. Finally, some policy recommendations on improving fertilizer use efficiency in the Loess Plateau are put forward.