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中国行政改革的现实基础是市场经济 ,它的制度环境则是有中国特色社会主义制度。行政改革的目标是要作出制度安排 ,对整个行政模式、行政体制进行整体重新建构。制度安排的底蕴就是规范的供给 ,一方面政府根据市场经济的客观要求为市场乃至整个社会提供规范 ;另一方面政府自身的行为和公共政策供给也是规范的。而一切规范的根据就是政府的公共性 ,政府的制度安排所要重建的价值观念就在于明确公共行政的公共性。政府公共性最为直接的体现是政府的规范体系和行政行为系统的公正性 ,行政行为和公共政策的公开化和依法行政又是公正性的必要保障。制度安排所要实现的是制度供给。在政府的实践运作层面上的制度供给主要表现为 :坚持利益导向 ;定位于为人民服务 ;廉价、廉洁、高效 ;保证自由秩序 ;提高政府能力。
The realistic basis of China’s administrative reform is the market economy, and its institutional environment is a socialist system with Chinese characteristics. The goal of administrative reform is to make institutional arrangements to re-construct the entire administrative model and administrative system as a whole. The connotation of institutional arrangements is the supply of norms. On the one hand, the government provides the market and the society as a whole in accordance with the objective requirements of the market economy; on the other hand, the government’s own behavior and the supply of public policies are normative. However, the basis of all norms is the public nature of the government. The values that the government institutional arrangements need to rebuild lie in the clarification of the public nature of public administration. The most direct manifestation of government publicity is the necessary guarantee for the impartiality of the government’s normative system and administrative action system, the openness of administrative acts and public policies, and the just administration of law-based administration. Institutional arrangements to achieve is the supply of the system. The institutional supply at the level of government’s practical operation is mainly manifested in the following aspects: adhering to the orientation of interests; positioning for serving the people; being cheap, honest and efficient; guaranteeing a free order; and improving the government’s ability.