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劳动收入份额的变化取决于实际平均工资与社会劳动生产率,而两者又受众多因素的影响,可知劳动收入份额的影响因素包括所有制结构、技术进步、经济增长、产业结构变迁以及工会的力量。根据调整后的资金流量表数据计算的结果显示,中国劳动收入份额呈下降趋势,由1992年的56.62%下降至2013年的50.86%。对中国劳动收入份额影响因素的实证检验结果显示,中国的劳动收入份额与实际人均GDP和全要素生产率增长率负相关,与公有制经济占比和工会的力量正相关。可以通过提高公有制经济的主体地位、优化产业结构升级、提升工会组织的作用等措施提高我国的劳动收入份额。
The change in the share of labor income depends on the actual average wage and the social labor productivity. Both are influenced by many factors. The factors affecting the share of labor income include ownership structure, technological progress, economic growth, changes in industrial structure and the power of trade unions. Calculations based on the adjusted FGF data show that the share of labor income in China has been declining from 56.62% in 1992 to 50.86% in 2013. Empirical tests on the influencing factors on the share of labor income in China show that the share of labor income in China is negatively correlated with the real GDP per capita and the TFP growth rate, positively related to the share of the public-ownership economy and the power of trade unions. The labor income share of our country can be increased by improving the dominant position of the public-owned economy, optimizing the upgrading of the industrial structure, and enhancing the role of trade union organizations.