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目的:评价骨髓间充质干细胞复合磷酸钙骨水泥支架材料修复下颌骨缺损的效果。方法:分离培养犬骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)。成骨诱导培养14 d后,分别采用茜素红染色与碱性磷酸酶染色,观察其诱导效果。将细胞与磷酸钙骨水泥(CPC)支架材料复合,用于动物实验。在4只Beagle犬的下颌骨每侧制作3处大小一定的骨缺损。随机将骨缺损分为3组进行处理:BMSCs-CPC组(移植复合种子细胞的支架材料)、CPC组(只移植支架材料)和空白组(不做任何处理)。分别于移植后第4、8周处死2只犬,行大体、X线、骨缺损修复区组织形态观察与计量分析。采用SPSS13.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果:术后各组均有不同程度的骨再生。BMSCs-CPC组、CPC组中骨组织再生情况优于空白组。BMSCs-CPC组支架材料降解程度与新骨形成情况优于CPC组。术后第4、8周,BMSCs-CPC、CPC组新生骨面积百分比均显著高于空白对照组(P<0.05),BMSCs-CPC组新生骨面积百分比显著高于CPC组(P<0.01);BMSCs-CPC组中剩余支架材料面积百分比显著低于CPC组(P<0.01)。结论:BMSCs种子细胞复合CPC支架材料是一种有效的、促进新骨再生的骨缺损修复方法,有利于颌骨高度及宽度的保存。
Objective: To evaluate the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with calcium phosphate cement in the repair of mandibular defects. Methods: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were isolated and cultured. After osteogenic induction culture for 14 days, alizarin red staining and alkaline phosphatase staining were used respectively to observe the induction effect. Cells were combined with calcium phosphate cement (CPC) scaffolds for animal experiments. Three bone defects of either size were made on each side of the mandible of four Beagle dogs. Bone defects were randomly divided into 3 groups: BMSCs-CPC group (scaffolds of composite seed cells), CPC group (scaffolds only) and blank group (no treatment). Two dogs were sacrificed at 4 and 8 weeks after transplantation, respectively. Gross and X-ray and bone defect repair area histomorphometry and echocardiography were performed. SPSS13.0 software package for statistical analysis of the data. Results: All groups had different degrees of bone regeneration after operation. BMSCs-CPC group, CPC group regeneration of bone tissue is better than the blank group. The degradation degree and new bone formation of BMSCs-CPC group were better than that of CPC group. The percentage of new bone area in BMSCs-CPC group and CPC group was significantly higher than that in blank control group at the 4th and 8th week after operation (P <0.05). The percentage of new bone area in BMSCs-CPC group was significantly higher than that in CPC group (P <0.01). The percentage of remaining scaffolds in BMSCs-CPC group was significantly lower than that in CPC group (P <0.01). CONCLUSION: BMSCs seed cell composite CPC scaffold is an effective method to repair bone defects that promote the regeneration of new bone, which is beneficial to preserve the height and width of the jaw bone.