【摘 要】
：
本试验以春小麦为材料,用~(137)Cs γ射线辐照为对比,主要研究了电子束对春小麦诱变的遗传效应及适宜剂量,调查了 M_1代生物学损伤、M_2代突变率和突变谱变化,观察了有丝分裂
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本试验以春小麦为材料,用~(137)Cs γ射线辐照为对比,主要研究了电子束对春小麦诱变的遗传效应及适宜剂量,调查了 M_1代生物学损伤、M_2代突变率和突变谱变化,观察了有丝分裂和减数分裂染色体畸变。结果表明:电子束的生物学损伤比~(137)Csγ射线要轻些;两者在诱发染色体畸变方面的情况相似;电子束与~(137)Cs γ射线相比,M_2代突变率较高,突变谱较宽。试验初步表明:电子束是一种较有应用价值的诱变源,它对春小麦的适宜剂量为2.93—3.58×10~4rad。而~(137)Cs γ射线对春小麦的适宜剂量略低于2.32×10~4rad。
In this experiment, the effects of electron beam on the mutagenesis of spring wheat and the appropriate dose were studied by using the radiation of ~ (137) Cs γ-rays. The biological damage of M_1 generation, the mutation rate and mutation of M_2 generation were investigated Spectral changes were observed for mitotic and meiosis chromosomal aberrations. The results showed that the biological damage of electron beam was lighter than that of 137 Csγ ray, and both of them were similar in inducing chromosome aberration. The mutation rate of M_2 generation in electron beam was higher than 137 Cs γ ray , The mutation spectrum is wider. The preliminary results show that electron beam is a more attractive mutagenesis source, and its suitable dose for spring wheat is 2.93-3.58 × 10 ~ 4rad. The suitable dose of ~ (137) Cs γ-ray to spring wheat was slightly lower than 2.32 × 10 ~ 4rad.
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