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目的通过在地震灾区重建后开展学校水与环境卫生现状调查研究,了解灾后重建学校水与环境卫生现状,为灾区学校开展水与环境卫生重建工作提供科学依据。方法调查在10个重灾县中选取3个县,共9所已经重建的农村学校,对供水情况及饮用水水质、厕所及粪便处理、垃圾收集及处理、污水排放及处理以及上述水与环境卫生设施的维护和管理情况,食品安全等进行调查。结果学校环境卫生基本情况较好,在食品卫生方面持健康证上岗工作人员比例为95%,卫生厕所比例较高。饮用水合格率为66.67%,只有11.11%的学校设有医务室。结论与地震之前的其他乡镇学校相比,学校环境卫生基本情况较好,但饮用水的合格率较低,医务室较少,学校存在卫生安全隐患。因此建议教育和卫生部门应加强联系、加大卫生监督、监测力度,切实保障灾后学生的身体健康。
Objective To investigate the status quo of school water and sanitation after the reconstruction of the earthquake stricken area and to understand the status quo of water and sanitation in schools after the disaster so as to provide a scientific basis for the reconstruction of water and sanitation in schools in disaster areas. Methodological survey Three selected counties in 10 hardest-hit cities were selected and nine of them have been rebuilt. Rural water supply and drinking water quality, toilet and excrement disposal, garbage collection and treatment, sewage discharge and treatment, and water and environment Health facilities maintenance and management, food safety and other investigations. Results The basic situation of school environmental sanitation is good. The proportion of staff who hold health certificate in food hygiene is 95%, and the proportion of sanitation toilets is high. Drinking water pass rate of 66.67%, only 11.11% of the schools have a medical office. Conclusion Compared with other township schools before the earthquake, the basic situation of school sanitation is better, but the pass rate of drinking water is lower, the number of infirmary is less, and there is a health and safety hazard in the school. Therefore, it is suggested that education and health departments should strengthen their contact, increase health supervision and monitoring, and effectively protect the health of post-disaster students.