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目的调查新会区5岁以下儿童营养不良患病率,分析其影响因素。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对6432名5岁以下儿童进行体格检查、家长问卷调查,对资料进行统计描述,进行儿童营养不良病因的Logistic多因素回归分析。结果新会区2008年5岁以下儿童低体重、发育迟缓和消瘦的患病率分别为3.90%、2.97%、3.08%,城区营养不良患病率低于农村,<6个月年龄组的营养不良患病率最低,随着年龄组的增大,营养不良患病率逐渐上升,性别方面无差异。多因素Logistic回归分析显示影响患病率的相关因素主要有:农村居住、年龄、反复呼吸道感染、腹泻、母亲文化程度及不良饮食习惯等。结论新会区5岁以下儿童营养不良需引起重视,做好儿童常见病的防治,加强科学喂养知识宣传,改变不良饮食习惯,对降低新会区儿童营养不良患病率有着重要意义。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of malnutrition in children under 5 years old in Xinhui District and analyze its influential factors. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to examine the physical examination and parents’ questionnaire of 6432 children under 5 years of age. The data were statistically described and the multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the etiology of children’s malnutrition. Results The prevalence rates of underweight, stunting and weight loss in Xinhui District in 2008 were 3.90%, 2.97% and 3.08%, respectively. The prevalence of malnutrition in urban areas was lower than that in rural areas. The nutrition of <6 months age group The prevalence rate of malnutrition was the lowest. As the age group increased, the prevalence of malnutrition gradually rose, with no gender differences. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the main factors influencing the prevalence were: rural residence, age, recurrent respiratory tract infections, diarrhea, mother’s education and poor eating habits. Conclusion The malnutrition of children under 5 years old in Xinhui District should be paid more attention. Prevention and treatment of common diseases in children should be emphasized. It is of great significance to reduce the prevalence of malnutrition among children in Xinhui District by strengthening knowledge of scientific feeding and publicity and changing bad eating habits.