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本文是苏联《玉米》杂志总编辑波娅科娃与全苏遗传育种研究所育种家柯比列夫的谈话纪录,阐述了选育玉米复交种的意义、方法、原理、成果及其推广利用前途。70年代以来,我国玉米杂交种的选育推广进展较快,取得了可观的成就。但是,不分析当地的气候、土质和栽培条件,玉米的产量水平,以及繁育种子的困难,片面强调种植玉米单交种的优越性,提出实现“单交化”,也带来了不少问题。实践证明,这样作不利于玉米杂交种的全面普及,不利于种子繁育及贮备,不利于玉米总产的进一步提高,也是行不通的。推广玉米杂交种的正确作法应当是:因地因种制宜,综合利用各类杂交种,有的可以单交种为主,有的则应以双交种或其它类型杂交种为主,不能“一刀切”。这篇文章对我国玉米杂交种的选育推广,特别对那些自然栽培条件较差的玉米产区有借鉴参考的价值。现摘译如后,供玉米育种、种子繁育工作者和农业生产领导者参考。
This article is the record of the conversation between the editor-in-chief Porkova of the Soviet Union “Corn” magazine and the breeder Kiroviev of the Institute of Genetics and Breeding, and expounds the significance, method, principle, achievement and future of popularization and utilization of the corn breeding complex . Since the 1970s, breeding and popularization of maize hybrids in China has progressed rapidly and remarkable achievements have been made. However, without analyzing the local climate, soil and planting conditions, the yield level of maize and the difficulties in breeding seeds, it is one-sidedly emphasizing the superiority of planting maize single cross-breeding and putting forward the issue of “single-handedness” as well as many problems . Practice has proved that this is not conducive to the full popularization of hybrid corn is not conducive to the breeding and storage of seeds is not conducive to the further improvement of corn production, it will not work. The correct way to promote corn hybrids should be: because of local conditions, the comprehensive utilization of various types of hybrids, and some can be single-based, while others should be double cross or other types of hybrids, not “One size fits all.” This article on the breeding of corn hybrids in China to promote, especially for those poor natural cultivation of corn producing areas have reference value. Now excerpted as later, for corn breeding, seed breeding workers and agricultural leaders for reference.