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在核燃料后处理中,离子液体作为“新一代绿色溶剂”可以替代强腐蚀性的高温熔盐用于干法后处理电解回收金属离子。本文总结了近年来国内外在离子液体中锕系和镧系元素的电化学行为。通过对比各研究结论的异同,评述了几类离子液体作为电解液电沉积金属及合金薄膜的优劣势;展望了离子液体作为电解液用于镧系和锕系元素分离实现提取铀和钚的研究前景和目前需要解决的问题。
In the post-treatment of nuclear fuel, ionic liquids as “new generation of green solvent ” can replace the highly corrosive high-temperature molten salt for dry post-treatment electrolytic recovery of metal ions. This article summarizes the electrochemical behavior of actinides and lanthanides in ionic liquids at home and abroad in recent years. By comparing the similarities and differences of the conclusions of the research, the advantages and disadvantages of several kinds of ionic liquids as electrolyte for electrodeposition of metals and alloy films are reviewed. Ionic liquids as electrolyte for the separation of lanthanides and actinides from uranium and plutonium Prospects and the current problems to be solved.