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采用黑龙江黑土、河南潮土和浙江水稻土等我国粮食主产区典型土壤开展盆栽试验,研究小麦/伴矿景天间作、水稻轮作模式下Zn、Cd超积累植物伴矿景天对当季小麦和后茬水稻生长及重金属吸收性的影响,探索粮食作物主产区污染土壤边生产边修复技术的可行性.结果表明:麦季间作伴矿景天,土壤硝酸钠提取态Zn、Cd浓度较小麦单作处理显著提高,间作处理下水稻土、潮土与黑土的提取态Zn较单作处理分别提高55%、32%和110%,水稻土与黑土提取态Cd较单作分别提高38%和110%,潮土的提取态Cd与对照处理没有差异.间作处理水稻土、潮土和黑土上小麦地上部重金属浓度是单作处理的1.1～1.9倍.麦季间作伴矿景天对后茬水稻生长及其地上部重金属吸收性无显著影响,虽然后茬水稻糙米中Cd含量仍高于0.2mg·kg-1的“食品中污染物限量”标准,但种植过伴矿景天处理的水稻糙米重金属与前季单作小麦处理相比呈下降趋势.表明通过伴矿景天/小麦-水稻的间作和轮作种植模式,可吸取修复污染土壤中有害重金属,降低后茬水稻的食物链风险.
Pot experiments were conducted on typical soils of major grain-producing areas in China, such as black soil in Heilongjiang, Henan Chao soil and Zhejiang paddy soils to study the effects of Zn and Cd hyperaccumulators on the seasonal wheat And late cropping rice growth and heavy metal absorption and explore the feasibility of remediation technology while producing contaminated soil in the main producing areas of grain crops.The results showed that the concentrations of Zn and Cd extracted from soil were Compared with monoculture, the Zn uptake of paddy soil, alluvial soil and black soil increased by 55%, 32% and 110% respectively under single intercropping treatment, while that of paddy soil and black soil increased by 38% And 110%, respectively, and there was no difference between the extracted Cd in the alluvial soil and the control treatment. The concentrations of heavy metals in the aerial parts of the paddy soil, the alluvial soil and the black soil were 1.1-1.9 times that of the single treatment There was no significant effect on the growth of rice and the absorption of heavy metals on the shoots. Although the content of Cd in the brown rice after the continuous cropping is still higher than the standard of “limit of contaminants in food” of 0.2mg · kg-1, Treated rice brown rice heavily Which showed a downward trend compared with the single cropping in the previous season, which indicated that through the intercropping and rotation cropping modes of Sedum alfalfa / wheat-rice, the harmful heavy metals in the contaminated soils could be extracted and the food chain risk of the stubble crop reduced.