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三、问题的原因1、时代的影响:先进的史学观,首先来自唯物的世界观和进步的思想。司马迁的世界观虽然是矛盾和复杂的。但是他认为世界是物质的,世界是在变化的,这便是他世界观中唯物、进步的一面。然而这种进步的思想,也有其历史和现实的根源。早在人类社会史前时期,由于人们对大自然千变万化无法了解,因而设想在自然界之外有个“神”支配一切。到了阶级社会后,统治阶级就进而将这种有神论的意思系统,凝固化,由“最初仅反映自然的神秘力量的幻象,现
Third, the causes of the problem 1, the impact of the times: advanced view of history, first of all from the materialist worldview and progressive thinking. Sima Qian’s outlook on the world is paradoxical and complex. However, he believes that the world is material and that the world is changing. This is the material and progressive aspect of his world outlook. However, this progressive thinking also has its roots in history and reality. As early as the prehistoric period of human society, due to the inexplicable understanding of the ever-changing nature of nature, it was envisaged that there would be a “God” outside nature that dominates everything. After class society, the ruling class, in turn, solidifies this system of theistic ideas, starting with "an illusion that originally only reflected the mysterious power of nature,