Cocolo Dance Drama Tradition

来源 :联合国青年技术培训 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:fengfeng1987
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  The Cocolo dancing drama tradition developed among English-speaking descendants of British Caribbean slaves who had come to the Dominican Republic in the mid-nineteenth century to work in the sugar fields. Originally pejorative, the term “Cocolo”, which refers to the migrants working on the British sugar plantation of the island, is now used proudly. This linguistically and culturally distinct community set up their own churches, schools, benevolent societies and mutual assistance lodges. Their most distinctive expressions, however, were annual dancing drama performances in city of San Pedro.
  Various Cocolo drama troupes used to perform at Christmas, on St Peter’s day and at galas and carnival festivities to pay tribute to the city's patrol Saint Peter on June 24. In their performances, themes from various worlds are creatively united. Music and dance genres of African origin blend with dramatic plots, legends and figures derived from biblical and medieval European literature. These include Christmas carolling, performances of string and scratch bands, the so-called Niega business, involving masquerades and the staging of theatrical scenes such as "David and Goliath", "Moko- Yombi" and "Cowboys and Indians".
  This fusion of African and British cultural themes renders it a special role in witnessing the historical development of Dominica. The influence of African culture is reflected on the unique values, customers and system in the Cocolo society. It can also be found in its unique cuisine, medicine traditions, linguistic form, social institutions (such as churches, gathering places, athletic clubs and schools) and dance drama tradition alike with medieval scenes. This special fusion of dance drama survives in the Spanish culture. Today older members of the Cocolo community still speak Caribbean English at home.
  库库鲁舞蹈戏剧传统,由19世纪中叶来自多米尼加共和国讲英语的加勒比地区移民中的工人创造。“库库鲁”一词一开始对移民含有贬义,这些移民在该岛的英国蔗糖种植园中工作。他们建立了自己的教堂、学校、慈善会社和聚集会所,以提供互相帮助和组织集体文化活动,如在圣佩得罗城举办一年一度的库库鲁舞蹈戏剧活动。
  每年12月25日圣诞节和1月的第一个礼拜,都有各种各样的库库鲁舞蹈戏剧表演。每年6月24日,在向该城保护神圣彼得表达崇敬的庆典和狂欢节中,也能看到这一表演。这类表演中,音乐、舞蹈、手势、源于非洲的人物和戏剧的情节、传奇,从中世纪欧洲文学中提取的人物以及《圣经》人物混杂一体。庆典也包括一些集会,如圣诞颂歌、弦乐和打击乐队表演。还有一种被称为“尼戈”的商业活动,其中包括化装舞会和有场景的戏剧演出,如《大卫和歌利亚》、《莫可——扬比》(Moko-Yombi)、《牛仔和印第安人》和《妈咪》等。
  库库鲁文化结合了非洲和英国的传统,因此它在见证多米尼加的历史发展过程中具有特殊作用。非洲文化的影响体现在库库鲁社会特殊的价值观、习俗和制度中,也可以在独特的烹饪和医药传统、语言形式、社会机构(比如教堂、集会场所、体育俱乐部和学校)以及类似中世纪情景的舞蹈戏剧传统中被找到。这些特殊的结合着非洲和英国传统的舞蹈戏剧传统,在该岛的西班牙文化环境中幸存下来。目前,库库鲁社区的老人们仍然在家里使用他们特殊的加勒比味英语。
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