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目的了解陕西省市售植物油安全水平和污染程度,及时发现安全隐患,为制定相关政策提供依据。方法在全省多阶段抽样共采集398份样品,检测酸价、过氧化值、残留溶剂、游离棉酚、总砷、铅、黄曲霉毒素B1、苯并[a]芘等有害物质含量,并对不同分布因素进行比较。结果 398份植物油合格率为95.98%,其中7份样品残留溶剂(超标率1.76%)、4份苯并[a]芘(超标率1.01%)、3份过氧化值(超标率0.75%)、2份酸价(超标率0.50%)超标;不同包装类别(χ2=8.79,P=0.18)及不同市场类别(χ2=5.29,P=0.02)合格率比较差异有统计学意义,不同地域(χ2=1.77,P=0.41)、不同产地(χ2=0.59,P=0.44)合格率比较差异无统计学意义。结论陕西省市售植物油总体安全,主要的污染指标有残留溶剂、苯并[a]芘、过氧化值和酸价,大型超市较农贸市场合格率高,定型包装较散装合格率高。
Objective To understand the safety level and degree of pollution of vegetable oil marketed in Shaanxi Province and find out the potential safety hazard in time so as to provide basis for formulating relevant policies. Methods A total of 398 samples were collected from the multistage sampling in the province to detect the content of harmful substances such as acid value, peroxide value, residual solvent, free gossypol, total arsenic, lead, aflatoxin B1, benzo [a] pyrene Compare different distribution factors. Results The qualified rate of 398 vegetable oils was 95.98%, of which, 7 samples had residual solvent (exceeding the standard of 1.76%), 4 benzo [a] pyrene (over standard rate of 1.01%), 3 peroxide values 2 acid value exceeded the standard (0.50% excess rate); there was significant difference in pass rates between different packaging categories (χ2 = 8.79, P = 0.18) and different market categories (χ2 = 5.29, P = 0.02) = 1.77, P = 0.41). There was no significant difference in passing rate between different producing areas (χ2 = 0.59, P = 0.44). Conclusions The vegetable oil sold in Shaanxi Province is generally safe and has the main pollution indicators of residual solvents, benzo [a] pyrene, peroxide value and acid value. The supermarkets have a higher pass rate than the farmers’ market and the qualified rate of packaging in bulk is higher.