塔吉克斯坦:砂砾项目减少洪灾,创造就业

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  In 2010, severe flooding killed more than a dozen people and destroyed 500 homes in Kulyab city, south-western Tajikistan.
  “We lost all our belongings, including hopes for a better future as a result of the flood,” says local resident Saidmuhiddin Sharipov, whose home was severely damaged because of the flood.
  Although flooding hits the region every year, a subsequent assessment of the disaster by UNDP and the government revealed that one of the causes of the 2010 inundation was a clogged and poorly maintained canal system. Today however, the city’s large gravel plant, which had stood empty and abandoned for decades, is at the centre of a UNDP-supported project that plans to make floods like this a distant memory, while creating new jobs.
  Until recently the plant’s colossal machinery and deserted factory buildings were slowly succumbing to rust and mildew. Since 1991, shortly after the collapse of the Soviet Union and Tajikistan's subsequent independence, the dilapidated factory had been left largely forgotten. Now, however, the plant is back up and running, using sand and stone in the canal to feed its gravel production.
  “We found that the Tebolay canal was filled with sand and stone,” UNDP’s Abdullo Guliev says. “The purpose of this canal was to lower the risk of flooding, but it had been left unmaintained.”
  In addition to an immediate cleanup of the canal, a team of experts from UNDP and the government began to look at longer-term solutions to the repeated floods.
  “We wanted something sustainable, not just a quick fix that we would have to deal with again in five or ten years,” Guliev says. “This way, the canals will be cleaned regularly. By partnering with the private sector and investing a little in the rehabilitation we can keep the canals clean and strengthen the economy in the process.”
  With a US $185,000 grant from UNDP, the plant is now operational, processing up to 50 tons of gravel per day and keeping the canal drained and providing at least 15 full-time jobs in the process.
  Besides the immediate benefits, the plant has also boosted the local economy by purchasing equipment from local suppliers and selling gravel and bricks on the market. In addition, precedence has been given in the recruitment process to those who were most affected by the 2010 floods, thereby helping them regain lost livelihoods and homes.
  Saidmuhiddin Sharipov is one of those people. Previously unemployed and traveling to Russia for employment, today he works at the newly refurbished gravel plant, earning approximately $372 per month – quite a significant amount in a country where nominal GDP per capita is about $950 per year.
  2010年塔吉克斯坦西南部库利亚布遭受严重洪灾,500多户人家受灾,财物损失惨重。尽管该地区每年都会遭受洪灾,但联合国开发计划署和政府透露这次洪灾原因在于附近年久失修堵塞严重的运河,于是在开发计划署的支持下,当地最大的砂砾场在苏联解体,塔吉克斯坦独立时被废弃的几十年后重新开始运营,使用运河河道里的沙石生产砂石,在当地市场上出售,以期减少洪灾并创造工作机会,还起到了促进当地经济发展的长远效果。特伯雷运河本是为了降低洪灾风险,却因沙石堵塞适得其反,与此同时,开发计划署和当地政府正在研究应对频发洪灾的长期方案。开发计划署共拨款18.5万美元,工厂每天可处理50吨砂石,至少提供了15个全职工作岗位,月薪达372美元,这个数字在年人均GDP仅为950美元的塔吉克斯坦相当可观。
  [http://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/ourwork/crisispreventionandrecovery/successstories/tajikistan--grinding-gravel.html ]
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