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于１９８２年６月对３个乡镇２９个村的２０岁以上男女村民１５８０３人前瞻性定群观察吸烟、饮酒与死亡的动态情况。结果表明，吸烟者食管癌死亡率１１４．８７／１０万人年，不吸烟者５２．９１／１０万人年，ＲＲ为２．１７，９５％ＣＩ为１．５３～３．０７（χ２＝２０．１１，Ｐ＝０．０００００７３），ＡＲ＝６１．９６／１０万人年，ＡＲ％＝５３．９４％。每日吸烟量与食管癌死亡之间存在明显的剂量－效应关系（Ｐ＜０．００１）。食管癌的死亡率，饮酒者为１０３．６３／１０万人年，不饮酒者为６７．２５／１０万人年，ＲＲ为１．５３，９５％ＣＩ为１．０８～２．１６（χ２＝５．９４，Ｐ＝０．０１４８）。食管癌死亡率随饮酒年限增加而升高（Ｐ＜０．００１），但与饮酒量不呈剂量－效应关系（Ｐ＞０．０５），单纯饮酒而不吸烟也未发现与食管癌有关。
In June 1982, 15803 people over 20 years of age who were men and women over 20 years in 29 villages and towns in 3 townships were prospectively observed in order to observe the dynamics of smoking, drinking and death. The results showed that the mortality rate of esophageal cancer in smokers was 114.87 per 100,000 person-years, and that of non-smokers was 52.91 per 100,000 person-years. The RR was 2.17, and the 95% CI was 1.53 to 3.07 (χ2= 20.11, P=0.0000073), AR = 61.96 per 100,000 person years, AR% = 53.94%. There was a clear dose-response relationship between daily cigarette smoking and esophageal cancer death (P<0.001). The mortality rate of esophageal cancer was 103.63 per 100,000 person-years for drinking, 67.25 per 100,000 person-years for non-drinkers, RR was 1.53, and 95% CI was 1.08 to 2.16 (χ2). =5.94, P=0.0148). The mortality rate of esophageal cancer increased with the increase of drinking duration (P<0.001), but it did not show a dose-effect relationship with alcohol consumption (P>0.05). Alcoholism alone and non-smoking did not show any relationship with esophageal cancer.