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Lead (Pb) is one of the most common environmental toxicants, exposure to which can cause signiifcant neurotoxicity and an associated decline in brain function. hTis study investigated the possible neuroprotec-tive role ofIndigofera oblongifolia leaf methanolic extract (IOLME) against lead-induced neurotoxicity. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with lead acetate, with or without IOLME (intragastric administration for 5 days), and the neuroprotective effect of IOLME was assessed by measuring the lead concentration, redox status (lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide and glutathione), enzymatic antioxidant activities (superoxide dis-mutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and reductase), PCR assays of apoptosis markers (Bax and Bcl-2) and histopathology of the brain. The increases in the lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, and apoptosis, the decreases in the glutathione level and the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the altered histology of the brain induced by lead acetate were mitigated in the brain of rats pre-treated with IOLME. These ifndings indicate that IOLME has beneifcial effects and it mitigates lead acetate-induced neurotoxicityviaits antiox-idant and anti-apoptotic activities.