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本药经多年临床应用,证明是较安全而有效的降压药,其降压特点为:(一)中枢性降压为主。现在认为,可乐宁的降压机理是激动延脑孤束核次一级神经元的突触后膜α_2受体,该神经元是抑制性神经元,亦是孤束核与血管运动中枢之间的中间神经元。由此,减少交感神经的传出冲动,使血压下降,故属中枢性降压药。此外,它对外周肾上腺素能神经突触前膜α_2受体的激动作用强于突触后膜α受体许多倍,从而引起负反馈,使去甲肾上腺素释放减少,故也有降压作用。降压同时伴有心率减慢,心输出量减少,以及肾素活性
The drug after years of clinical application, that is safer and effective antihypertensive drugs, its antihypertensive features are: (a) the main central antihypertensive. It is now believed that the antihypertensive mechanism of Clonidine is the activation of the postsynaptic membrane alpha 2 receptor in the subnuclear neurons of the medulla oblongata, which is an inhibitory neuron and is also the nucleus between the solitary tract nucleus and the vasomotor center Of the interneurons. As a result, to reduce the spread of sympathetic impulses, so that blood pressure, it is a central antihypertensive drugs. In addition, its peripheral nerve adrenergic presynaptic membrane α 2 receptor agonist than the postsynaptic membrane α many times, which led to negative feedback, norepinephrine release decreased, it also has antihypertensive effect. Blood pressure accompanied by slow heart rate, decreased cardiac output, and renin activity