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1991～1994年小麦白粉菌生理小种鉴定的结果表明,11、15号小种为这几年的优势小种,315号小种有上升的趋势。用毒性频率分析的方法对所获数据进行分析表明,V1、V3、V5及V8等毒性在当前白粉菌群体中已基本固定(毒性频率接近100％)。小麦白粉菌对Pm4a的毒性频率呈较快的上升趋势,说明Pm4a基因的使用应该审慎;白粉菌对Pm21的毒性频率为0,说明Pm21为目前最有效的抗白粉病基因。对北京、西南及江浙三地区小麦白粉菌群体的毒性结构进行比较分析的结果表明,V2、V4a、V4b和V2+VM1d在北京和江浙地区的频率仍然较低,但在西南地区已超过30％;V2+6和V2+‘Talent’在三地区的频率均较低。生理小种分析和毒性分析比较的结果表明,毒性分析的方法可以更直观地反映小麦白粉菌群体的结构、分布及其动态,便于对品种抗性的丧失作出早期预报及对抗病基因进行评价。
The results of identification of the wheat rapeseed bacterial races from 1991 to 1994 showed that the races of races 11 and 15 were the dominant races in recent years. Analysis of the data obtained using toxic frequency analysis showed that the virulences V1, V3, V5 and V8 have been essentially fixed in current populations of powdery mildew (frequency of toxicity approaching 100%). The virulence frequency of wheat powdery mildew on Pm4a showed a rapid upward trend, indicating that Pm4a gene should be used with caution. The virulence frequency of powdery mildew to Pm21 was 0, indicating that Pm21 is the most effective powdery mildew resistance gene. The comparative analysis of the virulence structures of wheat powdery mildew in Beijing, Southwest and Jiangsu and Zhejiang showed that the frequency of V2, V4a, V4b and V2 + VM1d in Beijing and Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces was still relatively low, but in the southwestern region, over 30% ; V2 + 6 and V2 + ’Talent’ were lower in all three regions. Physiological race analysis and toxicity analysis showed that the method of toxicity analysis could more directly reflect the structure, distribution and dynamics of wheat powdery mildew population, facilitate the early prediction of the loss of variety resistance and the evaluation of disease resistance genes .