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为研究增韧双马来酰亚胺方法及其对性能的影响,首先利用超临界乙醇处理纳米SiO2(SCE-SiO2),改善其表面活性;然后以4,4’-二氨基二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(MBMI)、3,3’-二烯丙基双酚A(BBA)、双酚A双烯丙基醚(BBE)为原料合成了MBMI-BBA-BBE(MBAE)复合材料基体,并利用原位聚合法和溶胶-凝胶法将SCESiO2和聚醚砜(PES)加入MBAE基体中制备了SCE-SiO2/PES-MBAE多相复合材料;最后采用SEM观察了SCESiO2/PES-MBAE复合材料断面形貌。SCE-SiO2的FTIR分析结果表明:在3 434cm-1处的Si—OH的吸收峰消失,出现了3 310cm-1处的乙醇分子间—OH的吸收峰、2 984cm-1处的甲基和亚甲基的吸收峰,证明纳米粒子可能以某种形式结合了乙醇分子,改善了表面性能。PES以“蜂窝”状分散相的形式存在于基体中,断裂方式由脆性断裂向韧性断裂转变,SCE-SiO2和PES对材料均有增韧作用,PES的增韧效果更明显,二者之间具有协同作用,当SCE-SiO2含量为2wt%、PES含量为4wt%时,多相复合材料的冲击强度和弯曲强度分别为15.02kJ/m2和130.47MPa,较MBAE树脂分别提高了57.3%和35.8%。介电性能测试表明:SCE-SiO2和PES的引入均会导致SCE-SiO2/PES-MBAE复合材料的介电常数和损耗略有上升,但二者之间的协同作用可以抑制PES组分所带来的负面影响。
In order to study the toughening bismaleimide method and its effect on the properties, firstly, nano-SiO2 (SCE-SiO2) was treated with supercritical ethanol to improve its surface activity. Then, 4,4’-diaminodiphenylmethane bis MBMI-BBA-BBE (MBAE) composites were synthesized from maleic imide (MBMI), 3,3’-diallyl bisphenol A (BBA) and bisphenol A diallyl ether SCESiO2 / PES-MBAE composites were prepared by in situ polymerization and sol-gel method. SCESiO2 / PES-MBAE composites were prepared by adding SCESiO2 and polyethersulfone (PES) MBAE composite cross-section morphology. The results of FTIR analysis of SCE-SiO2 showed that the absorption peak of Si-OH at 3 434 cm-1 disappeared and the absorption peak of ethanol at 3 310 cm-1, the methyl group at 2 984 cm- The absorption peak of methylene group proves that the nanoparticles may bind ethanol molecules in some form and improve the surface properties. PES is in the form of “honeycomb ” dispersed phase in the matrix, the fracture mode changes from brittle fracture to ductile fracture, both of the toughening effect and the toughening effect of PES are obvious The impact strength and flexural strength of multi-phase composites were 15.02kJ / m2 and 130.47MPa respectively when SCE-SiO2 content was 2wt% and PES content was 4wt%, which were 57.3% And 35.8%. The dielectric properties of SCE-SiO2 / PES-MBAE composites show that the dielectric constant and loss of SCE-SiO2 / PES-MBAE composites increase slightly, but the synergistic effect between them can inhibit the PES component The negative impact.