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用电子显微镜观察了实验性肠梗阻大鼠肠道粘膜上皮细胞的超微结构变化。结果表明：受累小肠粘膜上皮细胞微绒毛减少，线粒体和粗面内质网明显减少，间质明显水肿，炎性细胞浸润增多。大承气汤能明显改善肠梗阻时小肠组织超微结构的损伤，降低嗜中性白细胞的数量，促进线粒体和粗面内质网功能和形态恢复。结果提示：大承气汤改善肠梗阻大鼠小肠粘膜超微结构的病变是其增强肠道防御屏障功能作用的形态学基础。
The ultrastructural changes of intestinal epithelial cells in experimental intestinal obstruction rats were observed by electron microscope. The results showed that the number of microvilli in the affected intestinal epithelial cells was reduced, mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum were significantly decreased, edema was evident in the interstitium, and inflammatory cell infiltration was increased. Dachengqi Decoction can significantly improve the ultrastructural damage of intestinal tissue during intestinal obstruction, reduce the number of neutrophils, and promote the recovery of mitochondria and rough endoplasmic reticulum function and morphology. The results suggest that Dachengqi Decoction can improve the ultrastructural lesions of small intestine mucosa in rats with intestinal obstruction, which is the morphological basis for enhancing the function of intestinal defense barrier.