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目的了解近年来上海市金山区婴儿死亡流行病学特征,为完善儿童保健措施提供参考依据。方法采用Microsoft Access 2003对1998—2012年金山区婴儿死亡病例建立数据库,并分析不同时期分性别、年龄和死因的婴儿死亡率变化情况。结果 15年间,金山区婴儿死亡率呈下降趋势(χ2=6.04,P<0.05),男性婴儿死亡率是女性的1.30倍。早期新生儿死亡占婴儿死亡总数的48.09%,早期新生儿死亡率随时间呈下降趋势(χ2=6.29,P<0.05),后期新生儿与后期婴儿死亡率则未呈现明显的升降趋势。新生儿病、先天异常和损伤中毒是金山婴儿前3位死因,占婴儿死亡总数的88.51%。结论金山婴儿死亡率呈下降趋势。应加强早期新生儿等重点人群和新生儿病、先天异常、损伤中毒等重点疾病的预防保健和治疗康复工作。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of infant mortality in Jinshan District of Shanghai in recent years and provide reference for improving child health care measures. Methods The database of infant deaths in Jinshan District from 1998 to 2012 was established by using Microsoft Access 2003 and the changes of infant mortality rate by sex, age and cause of death were analyzed. Results In the 15 years, the infant mortality rate in Jinshan District showed a decreasing trend (χ2 = 6.04, P <0.05). The male infant mortality rate was 1.30 times higher than that in female. Early neonatal deaths accounted for 48.09% of the total number of infant deaths, early neonatal mortality decreased with time (χ2 = 6.29, P <0.05), late neonatal and late infant mortality rates did not show a clear upward trend. Neonatal diseases, congenital anomalies and poisoning are the first three causes of death in Jinshan, accounting for 88.51% of the total number of infant deaths. Conclusion Jinshan infant mortality rate is on the decline. Should focus on early neonatal and other key populations and neonatal diseases, congenital anomalies, injuries and other key diseases prevention and treatment of health care and rehabilitation work.